What Do Gorillas Eat?

Gorillas are primarily herbivores. Their diet mainly consists of a variety of plants, fruits, and sometimes small insects. This diet provides them with all the necessary nutrients and energy to sustain their large bodies and active lifestyles.

Plant-Based Diet

The majority of a gorilla’s diet is made up of plant material. They consume leaves, stems, pith, and shoots from a wide range of plant species. Bamboo, nettles, and wild celery are commonly eaten plants. They also enjoy the fibrous stems of weeds and vines, stripping them bare with their strong teeth and jaws.

Fruits

Fruits play an important role in a gorilla’s diet. They are rich in vitamins, minerals, and water content, making them a valuable food source. Gorillas particularly enjoy figs, bananas, and berries. While the availability of fruits can vary by season and habitat, they are always a favored treat whenever they are available.

Seeds and Nuts

Seeds and nuts are another part of their diet. These foods are rich in fat and protein. Gorillas often eat the seeds and nuts of various fruits they consume. They use their strong teeth to crack open hard shells and access the nutritious contents inside.

Bark and Roots

When other foods are scarce, gorillas will turn to the bark and roots of trees. These parts of plants are not as nutritious but can provide necessary sustenance in lean times. The bark of trees like eucalyptus provides both fiber and a certain degree of moisture.

Insects and Small Fauna

While primarily herbivorous, gorillas do occasionally consume insects. Ants, termites, and grubs are the most common insect foods in their diet. These insects provide an additional source of protein. Gorillas will use sticks or other tools to extract ants from nests or break apart termite mounds.

Water Consumption

Gorillas get most of their water from their food. The moisture content in leaves, fruits, and other plants generally satisfies their hydration needs. Additionally, they will drink water directly from natural sources, such as streams and puddles, especially in dry seasons.

Feeding Behavior

Gorillas forage for food during the day. They travel in groups and cover large areas in search of food. Their feeding schedule is quite structured. A significant portion of their day, up to 50%, is spent feeding. They rest during the midday and then resume foraging again in the afternoon.

Food Sharing and Social Structure

Within gorilla groups, food sharing is a common practice. Younger gorillas learn what to eat by observing adults. Adult males, known as silverbacks, will often share food with females and juveniles. This behavior strengthens social bonds and ensures the well-being of the entire group.